İlkokul Birinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Okula Uyumu: Bir Model Testi

Abstract

In Turkey, children often meet with "school" in elementary school within the scope of compulsory education. Pre-school education is not compulsary and the service is limited. The child who first meets the school will pass through the adjustment process as it is in every new situation. There are some differences among children in overcoming this adjustment process. Adjusting to school contributes to a healthy start to all educational activities. For this reason, it is important to determine all facilitating and debilitating factors to school adjustment process and in order to develop preventive studies for overcoming school adjustment. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that impact the school adjustment of the first grade primary school students based on ecological approach. Study group consisted of 81 teachers and 517 parents respectively. The data were gathered from public schools in Ankara, central districts, through 2015 – 2016 academic year. The data collected by using Demographic Information Form, Student – Teacher Relationship Scale (Pianta, 2001), Child Behavior Scale (Ladd and Profilet, 1996), Teacher Rated School Adjustment Scale (Ladd, Kochenfender and Coleman, 1996), Child Behavior Check List (Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001), Teacher Rated Form (Achenbach, 1991) and, Family Involvement (Fantuzzo, Tighe and Childs, 2000). Data analysis was done by Structural Equalition Model (SEM) to determine factors that affect school adjustment. Thus, according to School Adjustment Model, external behaviors, teacher-student relationship and peer relations have significant direct impact on first grade students’ school adjustment whereas family involvement did not influence first grade students’ school adjustment directly and statistically significantly. In addition, external behaviors effect school adjustment with the mediating role of teacher – student relationship and peer relations. These results were discussed in the light of relevant literature and recommendations were proposed