1990'lardan 2016'ya Türkiye'de Ülke İçi Yerinden Edilmeyi Deneyimlemek

Abstract

Like many countries in the world, Turkey is one of the countries where armed conflicts take place within the country. One of the most important results of the nearly forty-year conflict process that has been going on since 1894 is the displacement of hundreds of thousands of people. Due to the conflict process in question, internal displacement has occurred twice. One of them is the displacement from the village, which occurred during the late 1980s and 1990s, mostly due to the evacuation of rural settlements in the eastern and southeastern parts of the country. The other is displacement from the city, which occurred as a result of violent conflicts in some cities of the regions in question in the last half of 2015 and the first half of 2016. The aim of this study is to explore how people displaced from both rural and urban areas experience displacement in two different periods of their lives (with an average of twenty-five years), the problems they face in both displacements, their needs and their coping strategies through their own narratives. The study was conducted with qualitative research methods. The field of the study is Diyarbakır-Sur, Şırnak, Cizre, Silopi, İdil, Mardin-Nusaybin and Hakkâri-Yüksekova where urban conflicts took place and displacement from the city occurred in 2015-2016. In-depth interviews were conducted with 38 people (23 men, 15 women) in the specified cities. Interviews were conducted with a semi-structured interview form. Nvivo12 package program was used to analyze the data obtained within the scope of the research. Five main themes were obtained in the analysis of the study. There were sub-themes under the main themes, and categories under the sub-themes. In the study, it has been determined that the displaced have many problems and unmet needs in economic, social and psychological dimensions within the scope of social work. In order to cope with the aforementioned problems of the displaced and to meet their needs, it has emerged that professional interventions based on the anti-oppressive practice and empowerment approach should be applied within the context of the liberating values of the social work profession.