Endülüs Müziğinin Piyano Literatürüne Etkileri

Abstract

This study examines the historical and structural effects of Andalusian music culture, shaped by a blend of different civilizations throughout history, on classical Western music and particularly on piano literature. The strategic location of the Iberian Peninsula and eight centuries of Islamic rule allowed the theoretical knowledge, rich rhythmic structures, and modal depth of the East to take root in the region. The foundations laid by Ziryab (777-857) eventually merged with local folk melodies to create a unique "Andalusian style." Within the scope of this research, the pianistic style in Domenico Scarlatti’s (1685-1757) harpsichord works in the 18th century and the nationalist and modern approaches of the Spanish National School, formed under the leadership of Felipe Pedrell (1841-1922) in the 19th century, were examined using historical and technical analysis methods. Accordingly, it was analyzed how composers such as Isaac Albéniz (1860-1909), Enrique Granados (1867-1916), Manuel de Falla (1876-1946) and Joaquín Turina (1882-1949) reflected the Phrygian and Flamenco modes and characteristic cadences of Andalusia in modern piano writing techniques. Furthermore, the international reflections of this heritage on composers like Claude Debussy (1862-1918) and Maurice Ravel (1875-1937) were evaluated. As a result of the study, it was observed that the musical heritage of Andalusia did not remain merely a local color in the world of piano, but instead created a brand-new identity that enriched piano literature on a global scale. This study provides a resource for both pianists and music researchers aimed at understanding the repertoire containing the Andalusian style.