Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim Sistemi (HÜAES)
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ANKARA’DAKİ BİR İLÇE BELEDİYESİ ANA HİZMET BİNASINDA GÖREV YAPAN BELEDİYE ÇALIŞANLARININ İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİ RİSK ALGISININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
(Tıp Fakültesi, 2026-10-01) Cengiz Muradiye; Halk Sağlığı
This study aimed to determine the perception of climate change risk among employees working in a district municipality in Ankara and to examine the factors affecting this perception. The study population consisted of 1,157 employees working at the Cankaya Municipality Main Service Building. No sampling was performed and the entire population was targeted. Data were collected between October 20 and 23, 2025, using the distribution-and-collection method. A total of 544 employees participated in the study. Since the scale used in the study was designed for individuals aged 18–60 years, 43 participants were excluded, and the analyses were conducted with 501 participants. The analysis group constituted 43.3% of the study population. The data collection form, developed by the researcher based on the literature, consisted of five sections and 67 questions. The Global Climate Crisis Risk Perception Scale (KIKRA) was used to assess climate change risk perception. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. Approval was obtained from the Hacettepe University Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee, and institutional permission was obtained from Cankaya Municipality. Of the participants, 56.2% were women, and the mean age was 42.21 ± 8.66 years. Regarding educational attainment, 72.7% had a bachelor’s or postgraduate degree. Of the participants, 81.7% believed that climate change is occurring and is mainly caused by human activities, while 54.6% were extremely or very concerned about climate change. During the previous five years, 81.2% of the participants had experienced extreme heat and 49.1% had experienced flooding. The mean total KIKRA score was 162.50 ± 15.88. Although the median total KIKRA score was higher among female employees than among male employees, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p=0.052). Risk perception scores were significantly higher among participants who believed that climate change was caused by human activities, had higher levels of concern, or had experienced extreme heat, extreme cold, flooding, or storms. A statistically significant, positive, and weak correlation was found between the total KIKRA score and the total knowledge score (r=0.23; p<0.001). Statistically significant, positive, and weak correlations were also found between the total KIKRA score and the behavior score (r=0.18; p<0.001) and between the total knowledge score and the behavior score (r=0.15; p=0.002). Considering the critical role of municipalities in climate action, the high level of risk perception identified among employees represents an important potential for addressing climate change.
Otoimmün Demiyelinizan Hastalıklara Bağlı Optik Nörit Geçiren Olgularda Optik Sinir ile Makula Fonksiyonunun Değerlendirilmesi
(Tıp Fakültesi, 0007-09-26) AYŞE CEREN ÖZKORKMAZ; Göz Hastalıkları
Introduction and Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are autoimmune demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system that frequently present with attacks of optic neuritis (ON). The aim of this study was to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the structural, vascular, electrophysiological, and functional characteristics of the optic nerve and macula in patients with ON associated with autoimmune demyelinating diseases, and to investigate both clinical and subclinical manifestations of damage in comparison with healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: A total of 191 patients (382 eyes) were included in the study. Eyes were classified into four groups: eyes with a history of ON (n=130), fellow eyes of patients with previous ON (n=38), eyes of patients with demyelinating disease but no history of ON (n=46), and healthy control eyes (n=168). Macular function was assessed using microperimetry (MP), while structural, vascular, and electrophysiological evaluations were performed using optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and pattern electroretinography (PERG), respectively. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to account for within-subject correlation arising from bilateral eye data, and the models were adjusted for age and sex. Bonferroni and Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) corrections were applied for multiple comparisons.
Results: The mean retinal sensitivity on MP was significantly lower in eyes with previous ON, fellow eyes of patients with previous ON, and eyes of patients with demyelinating disease without a history of ON compared with healthy controls (all p<0.001). On OCT, ganglion cell layer plus inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL) thickness was significantly reduced in eyes with previous ON and in fellow eyes compared with controls (both p<0.001), whereas no significant difference was observed in eyes without a history of ON. Mean peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was significantly lower in eyes with previous ON, fellow eyes, and eyes without a history of ON compared with controls (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.005, respectively). OCTA analysis demonstrated that the outer-region percentile of the radial peripapillary capillary network surrounding the optic nerve head was significantly lower in eyes with previous ON and in fellow eyes than in controls (both p<0.001). Macular superficial vessel density was significantly reduced in eyes with previous ON, fellow eyes, and eyes without a history of ON compared with controls (all p<0.001). On PERG assessment, N95 amplitude and the N95/P50 ratio were significantly lower in eyes with previous ON than in controls (p=0.014 and p<0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: In autoimmune demyelinating diseases, neuronal, vascular, and functional involvement associated with optic neuritis is not confined to eyes with clinically overt ON, but is also detectable in fellow eyes and in eyes of patients with demyelinating disease without a history of ON. Combined assessment of structural, vascular, electrophysiological, and functional parameters may be valuable for monitoring disease-related neurodegenerative changes and identifying subclinical involvement.
Farklı Coğrafyalarda Zaza Olmak: Etno-Dinsel Sınırlar, Karşılaşmalar, Farklılaşmalar
(Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2025) Fiğan, Mehmet; İletişim Bilimleri
This study examines the formation and maintenance processes of Zaza cultural identity in the context of intercultural interaction, together with cultural, religious, and political variables. The main research question is: “How is Zaza cultural identity constructed in different geographical and cultural environments, reproduced within which social relationships, and transformed through which intercultural contacts?” Within this framework, the research aims to reveal how Zaza identity varies according to cultural, religious, and political orientations and how group identity is performed in line with these variables. The focus of the thesis is a comparative analysis of the identity construction practices of Zaza communities in the districts of Solhan in Bingöl, Lice in Diyarbakır, and Nazımiye in Tunceli. These regions exhibit distinct differences in terms of belief systems, political orientations, and forms of cultural memory.
The study, conducted within the interpretive paradigm and using qualitative methods, is based on semi ethnographic field research. In this context, in-depth interviews were conducted with 36 individuals, and data diversity was ensured through informal conversations, participatory observations, and ritual tracking.
The data were analyzed along thematic axes such as identity, belief, political orientation, linguistic affiliation, intercultural encounters, and media experiences. The findings show that Zaza identity is not a homogeneous structure, but rather consists of multiple fields of affiliation that are constantly redefined through cultural, political, and religious contacts. Furthermore, the study conceptualizes intercultural communication as a dynamic process in which identity boundaries are redrawn and affiliations are negotiated. In this regard, the thesis contributes to ethnic studies and multiculturalism debates from a local perspective.
Türklerde Devletin Bekası Kavramı ve 2019 Mahalli İdareler Seçimlerinde Söylem Olarak Kullanımı
(Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2025) Akkılıç, Sıdık; Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi
Since Ancient Greece, the state has been the most important actor of political theories in the world. Until the modern era, thinkers have been influenced by the country and period they lived in while formulating their theories on the state, and they have drawn ideal state types for the preservation and survival of the existence of the state they belong to. Turks, on the other hand, have always seen the state as powerful and noble, and even prioritized its survival above all else, so much so that they considered their very existence
to be dependent on the state. As a matter of fact, the Ottoman policy of tolerance during the conquests and the fratricide practiced to prevent the fight for the throne were always for the sake of survival. However, in the 19th century, when the Ottomans began to collapse, survival became a concern. At this point, modernization was seen as a tool for survival and was implemented with a sense of urgency to save the state as soon as possible. From the late Ottoman Empire to the Republic, survival has been a concern, but it has now shifted from a goal to a means. Especially in Turkish nationalism, it has been constantly reproduced against internal and external threats and has become a part of nationalist discourse for pragmatic purposes
based on instrumental reason. Communism during the Cold War, the Kurdish problem/PKK since the 80s and the July 15 coup attempt have been the cornerstones of this discourse. In our study, the pragmatic use of the concern for survival to influence voter behavior in the 2019 local government elections was examined within the framework of the discourses of politicians. In this context, the statements of especially MHP officials, one of the components of the People's Alliance participating in the elections, were evaluated under the headings of “concern for survival”, “foreign powers”, “separatism-terrorism (HDP-PKK-FETÖ)” and “pragmatic use of the survival discourse” together with sources from the literature, and it was tried to verify whether the survival of the state was used as a discourse.
Çevre Politikası ve Etik: Mali ve Ekonomik Boyutlar
(Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2025) Ak, Emine Ceren; Maliye
In this study, ethics and the environment are evaluated within the framework of economic, financial, and social policies and sustainability. Environmental problems, which have rapidly increased since the Industrial Revolution, have deepened ethical concerns about nature. Since the 1960s, growing social
awareness of environmental issues has contributed significantly to the development of environmental philosophy, increased civil society sensitivity, the signing of international agreements, and the shaping of
today's environmental policies. Policy tools developed to ensure the sustainability of global public goods such as the environment inherently require collective action and a holistic approach. In this context, the
concept of environmental sustainability, based on ecocentric ethical values, aims to ensure that economic and environmental activities support each other. Today, the sustainability of nature, which has been damaged in the process of economic growth and development, is being sought through economic tools and the inclusion of these tools in development plans.