Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Biyolojik Olgunlaşma Durumlarına Göre Sedanter Davranış Örüntüsü, Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ve Vücut Kompozisyonunun İncelenmesi

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) negatively impact children and adolescents' body composition. However, SB patterns' role in predicting these variables is insufficient. It's crucial to investigate the relationship between the biological maturation and PA and SB, regardless of chronological age (CA) variations. Therefore, the following two aims were developed to guide this research: 1) to compare PA, SB, and body composition according to biological maturation and step count categories and 2) to examine the association of sedentary patterns with CA and age at peak height velocity (APHV) in children and adolescents, and the association between sedentary patterns and body composition. The study included 598 participants, consisting of 276 boys (mean age±SD=13.1±2.7) and 322 girls (mean age±SD=13.3±2.7), aged 9 to 18 years. Participants' PA and SB variables were assessed using the ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer worn on the waist for seven consecutive days. APHV was calculated by subtracting the CA from the estimated PHV time. Body composition, including height, sitting height, weight, hip and waist circumference, triceps skinfold thickness (T-SFT), medial calf skinfold thickness (M-SFT), and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. "Multiple Linear Regression Analysis" was used to examine the relationship between SB patterns and body composition, and to examine the relationship between SB and PA with CA and APHV. ANOVA, MANOVA, ANCOVA, and MANCOVA analyses were used to compare SB, PA, and body composition variables by group. As the group level of biological maturation status increased in both genders, PA variables decreased (p<0.05), and SB variables increased (p<0.05). In body composition values, a decrease in boys and an increase in girls were found as the group level of biological maturation status increased (p<0.05). In both genders, the body composition values of the somewhat active and active step count group were lower than those in the other groups except WHR (p<0.05). The average of non-prolonged sedentary bouts was positively associated with M-SFT (p<0.05). The number of sedentary bouts was positively associated with WHR (p<0.05). The average duration of sedentary breaks is negatively associated with BF%, T-SFT, M-SFT, and BMI (p<0.05). CA was found to be related to the number of sedentary bouts, the average duration of non-prolonged and prolonged sedentary bouts, the average duration of sedentary breaks, and the average sedentary duration (p<0.05). In contrast, APHV was found to be associated only with the average duration of non-prolonged sedentary bouts (p<0.05). Our findings suggest a significant association of SB with CA and APHV, as well as the prediction of sedentary patterns on anthropometry in children and adolescents. Thus, sedentary patterns are likely to play an important role in the prediction of several health-related markers.