Non-Alkolik Yağlı Karaciğer Hastalarında DASH ve Akdeniz Diyetlerine Uyum ile Diyetin Glisemik Yük ve İnsülinemik İndeksinin Klinik Bulgularla İlişkisi
Özet
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide. It is thought that metabolic syndrome components, primarily abdominal (visceral) obesity, are effective in its formation; it is thought to be encountered more frequently with the increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In this cross-sectional study, 117 individuals aged 20-63 years, 56 men and 61 women, with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or more and diagnosed with NAFLD by magnetic resonance imaging were included. The database of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Hospital was used to analyze the medical records of the patients including lipid parameters and fasting blood glucose. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were measured by researchers. Individuals' 24-hour food consumption records were collected to assess their adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and DASH diet and to calculate dietary insulin index (DII), dietary insulin load (DIL), dietary glycemic index (DGI) and dietary glycemic load (GDL). Participants consuming diets with distinct levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL exhibited variations in dietary energy and nutrient intake. Specifically, differences were noted in carbohydrate intake across quartiles of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL, while fructose consumption showed variability in DGL quartiles (p≤0.05). Moreover, sucrose intake demonstrated distinctions in both DII and DGL quartiles (p≤0.05). No statistical difference was found in biochemical parameters and the fatty liver index among different levels of DII, DIL, DGI, and DGL (p>0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with a higher DGI had four times greater odds of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR, 4.32; 95% CI, 1.42-13.11). However, a very weak positive association was found between individuals' Mediterranean Diet adherence scores and HDL-C (p≤0.05). This study provides important evidence of the complex relationship between dietary factors and NAFLD and emphasizes the need for prospective studies with larger sample sizes.
