Ankara İlinde Yaşayan Yaşlı Bireylerde Mevsimsel Değişimin Beslenme Durumu, Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Seasonal variations affect health and nutritional status, and mortality and/or morbidity in elderly. This study was conducted with 31 patients, over 65 years old, who applied to Geriatrics Department of Gülhane Military Medical Academy (GATA) in Ankara. Data was taken four times in every 3 months between May 2014 and February 2014. In each season, assessmet of food consumption, physical activity status, anthropometric measurements and some blood parameters (some carotenoids, Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin C, folic acid and parathyroid hormone) were aimed. It was found that, solid fat consumption in winter and fruits consumtion in autumn were higher than the other seasons in males. Also, females consumed more egg and bread in winter (p<0.05). Daily energy intake was found 577kcal/day in males and 343 kcal/day in females and these were lower in summer than winter (p<0.05). Carbohydrate, vegetable protein, n-3 fatty acid and sodium intake of male were decreased in winter and n-6/n-3 ratio increased in summer (p<0.05). Dietary fibre and sodium intake in winter (p<0.05); vitamin C, iron and zinc in spring; cholesterol, retinol, vitamin D and niacin intake in autumn were found more than the other seaseons (p<0.05). Physical activity levels were the highest in autumn and summer (respectively 43.6±41.4 and 41.2±47.5 minutes). Also, significantly decreases was seen in winter (23.5±19.0 minutes) (p<0.05). In winter serum PTH level increased, while plasma retinol and D vitamin levels were increased in autumn (p<0.05). In males serum folic acid level increased in winter and vitamin C level in female increased in summer. Also, there was no seasonal change in the retinol level for all gender (p<0.05). Seasonal variations affected food consumption, and frequency and duration of physical activity levels in elderly. Also, depending on these changes blood parameters were changed. It’s concluded that, food consumption and serum parameters shoud be monitored periodically, especially one of every three months, for developing nutritional plan and programmes, which increase quality of life and delay pathogenesis/ progression of diseases in over 65 years old people, who are risk groups of the population.