Hacettepe Üniversitesi İhsan Doğramacı Çocuk Hastanesi Polikliniklerine Demir Eksikliği Anemisi Tanısı Alarak Başvuran Çocuklara ve Ailelerine Yönelik Beslenme Eğitiminin Etkisinin Araştırılması
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2023Author
Uludağ, Tuğba
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Uludağ, T, Investigation of the Effect of Nutrition Education Conducted for the Children
and Their Families Admitted to Hacettepe University İhsan Doğramacı Children's
Hospital Polyclinics with the Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia, Hacettepe University
Graduate School of Health Sciences Nutrition and Food Sciences Program Master's Thesis, Ankara,
2023. Iron deficiency anemia is a public health issue that can be prevented through appropriate
interventions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary education
intervention on the dietary habits of patients, an education that was directed to children who
have been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and their parents who applied to the Children
Health and Diseases Polyclinics of Hacettepe University İhsan Doğramacı Children's Hospital
between June 2022-April 2023. 102 patients in total (58 males and 44 females), who applied
to the clinic were separated into two groups with respect to their line number and one of the
groups received a standard dietary education while the other group had a specialized dietary
education regarding iron deficiency anemia. Nutrition item analyses, which were obtained
through the nutrition consumption records of the first and third months, were compared both
by in-group and inter-group changes in the diagnosis process. The nutrition consumption
records were evaluated via a special calculation program; the SPSS 22.0 statistical analysis
package program. Data that showed a normal distribution were compared with parametric
tests, while data that did not show a normal distribution were compared with non-parametric
tests, and the values that had a p value of <0.05 within a 95% reliability range were accepted
as statistically significant. In the first month, 78 patients (39 with standard education, 39 with
specialized education) were included in the examination process. It was observed that all of
the children had increased intakes of energy, protein, iron, B12 and zinc (p<0.05). While the
fulfillment of the required quantities of iron was 68.08% on average initially, it was seen at the
examination process, which was executed on the end of the first month, that the required intake
of the relevant iron values was 88.33% for the group that received standard education and
83.71% for the group that had received specialized education. It was observed within the
intergroup comparison that the consumed quantities of iron had shown a 28.83% increase on
average among the standard education group, whereas the same parameter had shown a
54.06% increase among the group which received specialized education (p=0.026). Protein
consumption of the standard education group had shown an increase of 28.87%, while it had
shown an increase of 68.85% in the specialized education group, and a significant disparity
between the increases of protein intake was observed (p=0.011). The increase in intake in
vitamin B12 is also higher among the group that has received specialized education (p=0.003).
At the end of the third month after giving the nutrition education to the patients and their
parents, 46 patients (23 with standard education and 23 with specialized education) were
included in the examination, and the results were found to be similar to the examinations that
were conducted in the first month. These results show that among children who are diagnosed
with iron deficiency anemia; dietary education may contribute to increased various macro- and
micronutrient intake with iron being in the first place. The dietary education intervention for
the children and their parents must primarily be designed in a way to prevent the development
of iron deficiency anemia and should be addressed throughout the "newborn" and "adolescent"
periods. In addition to individually conducted interventions, the extension, maintenance, and
implementation of comprehensive governmental policies and regulations for dietary education
are needed.