Türkiye ile Brezilya’da Yükseköğretime Geçiş Sistemlerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Brezilya'da Üniversiteye Giriş Sınavlarında Başarıyı Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

Abstract

This study aims to examine the educational system in Turkey and Brazil and to identify the similarities and differences in the educational system. At the same time, we sought to analyze the variables that affect the academic success of students entering Higher Education in Brazil through ENEM data. During the analysis, a random sample of 10000 people was selected from ENEM 2017 universe and a sample of 9.336 people was obtained after the missing data were cleaned. It used the Structural Equation Modeling technique with multi group analysis to determine if academic success models function similarly for men and women. An investigation and analysis of documents was carried out in order to reveal the similarities and differences in the educational systems of Turkey and Brazil. As a result, Brazil and Turkey have national exam models for entering the University education. Brazil is guided by ENEM while Turkey has YKS. It was highlighted that in the ENEM test students have multiple choice questions and an essay. Regarding the YKS 2019, it was observed that the exam has only multiple-choice questions. According to academic success models, the level of technological resources in the school, the verbal skills and the socio-economic level of the students do not affect academic success. In contrast, academic success in other disciplines positively impacts academic success in the higher education entry test. In addition, through multigroup analysis, it was demonstrated that there aren’t significant differences between the academic results of men and women in university entrance exams.