Moğolistan ve Türkiye Ortaöğretim Sistemlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi

Abstract

A comparative study is crucial when comparing similarities and differences between education systems and finding solutions for certain educational issues. As secondary education plays a vital role in a country’s education system, the purpose of this study is to examine the secondary education subsystems of Mongolia and Turkey in terms of their historical stages of development, organizational structures and administrative process. The study was carried out as a qualitative study via document analysis, incorporating relevant scientific resources, legislations of secondary education systems of the two countries, knowledge at web, thesis, and dissertations and published scientific studies such as books, periodicals, journals and papers. Results of the research show that present secondary education systems of both countries were established based on the social-economic changes that influenced the education systems of the countries in their historical stages. The historical stages and organizational structures of the education systems in both countries after the 1920s have been found highly similar. In terms of administrative structure, the structure of the Turkish education system is centralized, while the Mongolian education system is more based on a decentralized structure. In terms of education expenditure, it has been observed that Mongolia has the higher percentile of expenditure on education than Turkey. Moreover, it has been established that the administrative structures and functions of the Ministry of Education in Turkey as well as in Mongolia have been modified frequently, which have often led to the disorientation and uncertainty in the organization of secondary education systems. In order to further develop and expand the secondary education system of the two countries, efficient cooperation between primary and higher education systems, consistent planning and supervision in secondary education systems are advised.