Kahramanmaraş Depremleri'ni Yaşamış Yetişkinlerin Bağlanma Biçimi İle Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Belirtileri, Depresif Belirti Düzeyi Ve Umutsuzluk Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkide Zaman Perspektifinin Ve Dissosiyasyon Düzeyinin Aracı Rolünün İncelenmesi

Abstract

This study examines the role of attachment styles, time perspective, and dissociation level in explaining the psychological symptoms of adults who experienced the earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaraş on February 6, 2023. In the study, the relationships of secure, anxious/ambivalent, and avoidant attachment styles with post-traumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptom levels, and hopelessness were examined through the mediating roles of time perspective and dissociation. A total of 234 adult individuals who directly experienced the earthquakes participated in the study. Data were collected face-to-face using paper-and-pencil method with the Demographic Information Form, Adult Attachment Style Scale, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire-R, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale for DSM5. SPSS 26 and PROCESS Macro (Model 6) were used in the analyses. The results showed that secure attachment significantly predicted all three psychological symptoms in a negative direction, while the level of dissociation significantly predicted them in a positive direction. Avoidant attachment was not a significant direct predictor of psychological symptoms but showed indirect effects through time perspective and dissociation. Moreover, future time perspective did not significantly predict any of the psychological symptoms. In the nine separate models examining the relationship between each attachment style and post-traumatic stress symptoms, depressive symptoms, and hopelessness level, deviation from a balanced time perspective and dissociation level were found to play a significant serial mediating role. However, the type of this mediation effect varies depending on the attachment style and the dependent variable. Finally, the findings were discussed in light of the literature, and the study's limitations, suggestions for future research, and clinical implications also presented.