Kumukçada Yancümle Tipolojisi

Abstract

Kumyk is spoken by Kumuk Turks living in Dagestan Autonomous Republic in Russian Federation and Chechen and Ossetia Republics. Kumyk is included to Kıpçak Turks; and Kumuk Turkish to Kipchak group. In our study, Kumyk will be examined on a typological basis with a syncnomic viewpoint. Subordinate clauses occur in similar forms in all Turkic languages. They are hierarchically linked to the upper sentence in the syntactic sense and they are not used alone. Modern Turkish is formed by verbals consisting of adverbs, participles and infinitives and they are subordinated to the upper / main sentence in line. In this study, subordinated clauses in Kumyk that are formed with non-finite verbal form (gerunds, participles and verbal nouns) will be described syntactically, semantically and typologically. First, the suffixes {-(x)p}, {-A/-y/}, {-(A)GAndA}, {-GAnlI}, {-GAndoḳ}, {-GXnçA}, {-sA} which form adverbial clauses will be scrutinized syntactically, semantically and typologically within the scope of this study. Then,the suffixes {-AgAn}, {-ygAn}, {-gAn}, {-(A)cAk}, {-ar}, {-(I)r} and {-mAs} which form adjective clauses in Kumyk will be studied syntactically, semantically and typologically.The suffixes {-gAn}, {-AgAn}, {-uw}, {-mA}, {-Iş}, {-AcAk} forming noun clauses can be used syntactically in the main sentence in Kumyk. In addition to this, some noun clauses can be made by means of {eken} which is a postposition in Kumyk. Subordinate clauses in Kumyk will be described syntactically, semantically and typologically with the examples from different texts. Thus, subordinate clauses in Kumyk will be examined as a whole.