Yenidoğan sarılığı tayini için mikroakışkan çip tasarımı ve geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Jaundice is a frequently seen critical clinical problem in newborns and requires close monitoring for possible complications. Jaundice is seen in 60% of newborns and 80% of premature babies in the first week of their lives. Complications occur when the bilirubin concentration is above the limit determined according to the baby's age and weight. For this reason, it is important to develop a biodetection system for rapid diagnosis and monitoring of bilirubin levels in newborns. The aim of this completed thesis is to develop a biosensing system that provides fast and accurate results by having low sample requirements, and being low cost, portable and easy to use. In the platform created within the scope of the thesis, a centrifugal disk-based system and microfluidic chips to be integrated into this system were produced. In the cartridges platform suitable for the centrifuge device was created to place the microfluidic chips, and thus the integration of the chips was ensured. Total serum bilirubin (TSB) concentration was measured on this developed platform using the direct spectroscopy method. In the direct spectroscopy method, two different wavelengths (460 nm and 550 nm) of the light beam were passed through the plasma accumulated in the measurement region to determine the optical absorption levels of the plasma. Plasma separation was completed in the cartridges designed for the on-disc laboratory system developed within the scope of this thesis and the samples were prepared for the optical reading process. In the spectrophotometric method, a strong linear correlation was observed between the absorbance values and concentrations in solutions prepared at different levels between 5 mg/dL and 20 mg/dL using whole blood samples (R² values between 0.919 and 0.988). This platform was developed within the scope of thesis, incorporates advanced design techniques for the optical reading device and cartridges, allowing it to be miniaturized and portable while offering a level of sensitivity comparable to more expensive laboratory instruments. As a result, this disk-based platform characterized by its ease of use, minimal sample requirements, high measurement precision, long self life, and rapid diagnostic capability, offers a highly effective solution for neonatal jaundice diagnosis. The centrifuge-based disk system and microfluidic chip design developed within the scope of this thesis offers a novel approach that holds significant promise for future studies involving neonatal blood in jaundice diagnosis. It also represents an important step toward integrating portable, sensitive diagnostic tools into clinical practice, potentially improving early diagnosis and management of neonatal jaundice.