Hidradenitis Süpürativada Diyetin Hastalık Gelişimi ve Şiddeti Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful, chronic, and inflammatory disease characterized by skin nodules, abscesses, sinus tracts, and scarring. In recent years, it has been estimated that lifestyle factors such as nutrition, body composition, and physical activity level have an effect on disease severity. This cross-sectional casecontrol study aimed to evaluate the effects of lifestyle factors such as nutrition and body composition on disease severity in HS patients. Fifty HS patients who applied to Hacettepe University Skin and Venereal Diseases Outpatient Clinic and 50 healthy individuals without chronic disease were matched in terms of age, gender, and body mass index. Three-day food consumption records, food frequency questionnaire, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS), 24-hour physical activity record, anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and routine biochemical results of all participants were recorded. Energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes, and dietary glycemic index were calculated from the three-day food consumption records. In addition, the severity of HS in the case group was assessed by the physician using the Hurley grading system and the HS International Severity Score (IHS4). The MEDAS score was 4.30 ± 1.78 in the case group and 6.04 ± 1.92 in the control group (p<0.001). However, the dietary glycemic index of the patient group (59.96 ± 6.31) was significantly higher than that of the control group (55.01 ± 5.72) (p<0.001). In addition, the intake of micronutrients such as vitamins C and B group was significantly lower in HS patients than in the control group (p<0.05). While IHS4 score, MEDAS score and PAL value showed negative correlation (r=-0.687, p<0.001 and r=-0.287, p=0.043, respectively), BMI showed positive correlation with dietary energy, refined sugar consumption, ready-made unhealthy snacks and bakery products consumption (r=0.380, p=0.006; r=0.368, p=0.009; r=0.580, p<0.001; r=507, p<0.001 and r=0.410, p=0.003, respectively). Similarly, Hurley stage was negatively correlated with daily dietary vitamin C and zinc intake (r=-0.291, p=0.040 and r=-0.338, p=0.016, respectively), while dietary glycemic index was positively correlated with visceral fat ratio (r=0.439, p=0.001 and r=0.320, p=0.024, respectively). In multiple regression analysis, MEDAS score stood out as the primary variable associated with disease severity (p<0.05). These findings indicated that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet, lower GI food intake and maintenance of ideal body weight may positively affect HS management. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings.