Kuvvet Sporcularının Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Kurt, B., Evaluation of Nutritional Habits of Power Athletes, Hacettepe University, Graduate School of Health Sciences Community Nutrition Program, Master of Sciences Thesis, Ankara, 2023. It is observed that power athletes apply wrong weight loss methods to reach their target weight and have incomplete nutritional information because they receive nutritional information from the trainer instead of the dietitian. Considering the effect of nutritional knowledge on nutritional habits, the aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional habits of power athletes. A total of 258 athletes, 142 men and 116 women, from power branches, licensed and between the ages of 18-33, participated in the study. The content validity of the survey form, which included demographic information, nutritional habits and food consumption habits sections, was tested after obtaining expert opinion. In addition to the survey form, the athletes were asked to fill out a 24-hour retrospective food consumption record. The study was announced in sports clubs and centers where power athletes are concentrated and was implemented through an online survey. Statistical analyzes were performed with the SPSS program and were considered significant when p<0.05. There is a significant difference in the frequency of athletes' breakfast, lunch, dinner and night snack consumption according to gender (p<0.05). The consumption frequency of eggs, meat, fish, grains in men and fruits in women is higher and the difference is statistically significant (p<0.05). According to TÜBER adult food portion recommendations, the rate of those who consume inadequate amounts of meat/chicken products, fish/seafood, legumes, and oilseeds is significantly higher in women, and the rate of those who consume inadequate fruits is significantly higher in men (p<0.05). 61.8% of men and 51.6% of women meet protein intake recommendations (reference >1.2 g/kg/day). 96.4% of men and 98.9% of women have carbohydrate intake below recommendations (reference >5 g/kg/day). 43.3% of the energy in men and 43.7% in women consists of fats and is above the recommendations (reference 20-30% of the energy). Athletes' intake of vitamins A, B2, B6, B12, C, niacin, copper, phosphorus, and zinc meets the recommendations. Intakes of folate, vitamins B1, E, calcium, magnesium and potassium are below the recommendations for athletes. While iron intake is sufficient in male athletes, it is below the recommendations in women. There is a statistically significant difference in carbohydrate, PUFA, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, potassium and magnesium intake according to gender (p<0.05). In this study, significant differences were found in the nutritional habits of athletes according to gender and sport branch. In order to improve the nutritional habits of athletes, they need to increase their nutritional knowledge by receiving nutrition education from sports dietitians. Keywords: sports nutrition, nutritional habits, nutrition