Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Diyetin Fitokimyasal İçeriğinin ve Total Antioksidan Kapasitesinin Serum FGF21 Seviyesi Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Dietary phytochemicals and total antioxidant capacity of diet are thought to have positive effects in type 2 diabetes mediated by oxidative stress and it has been discussed recently that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) may be an indicator for diabetes.This study was planned to examine the relationship between dietary phytochemicals and total antioxidant capacity of diet (dTAC) with glycemic parameters and FGF21 in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. This study was conducted 38 overweight and obese individuals with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 between ages 19-64 and 38 healthy individuals with a BMI of 18,5-35 kg/m2. Individuals with diabetes were followed up with diabetic medical nutrition therapy (MNT) for 12 weeks. 24-hour food consumption record, 24-hour physical activity record and anthropometric measurements (Bioelectrical impedance analysis, weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference) of individuals in both groups were taken; dTAC were evaluated by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP), Oxygen Radical Absorbans Capacity (ORAC), Total Radical-trapping Antioxidant Parameters (TRAP), Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) methods and phytochemical index of diet were evaluated from 24-hour food consumption records of individuals. Diabetic individuals were evaluated three times at baseline, 4th week and 12th week. Healthy individuals were evaluated twice, at baseline and 12th week. In both groups, biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-HDL cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein-LDL cholesterol, trigliceride) were evaluated twice, at baseline and 12th week. In both groups serum samples were taken at baseline and 12th week, serum samples were analyzed for FGF21. At the end of the study, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio and lean body mass decreased at 12th week in diabetic women (p>0,05). Mean fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels of diabetic individuals decreased at 12th week. There was an increase in the HORAC and TORAC values of individuals with diabetes after 12 weeks (p<0,05). No statistically significant correlation was observed between HbA1c level and dTAC values at 12th week in both groups (p>0,05). There was no significant relationship between dTAC values and FGF21 levels at 12th week in both group (p>0,05). While no significant correlation was observed between anthropometric measurements and FGF21 after 12 weeks in the diabetic group (p>0,05), a positive low-moderate correlation was observed between lean body mass and FGF21 in healthy individuals (r=0,346, p=0,033). As a result, improvements were observed in anthropometric measurements, glycemic and lipid parameters of diabetic individuals with MNT. In order to evaluate MNT and adherence with MNT, individuals should be made aware of regular controls. In addition, more comprehensive studies are needed to clarify the relationship between dTAC, FGF21 and diabetes.