Investigation Of Antibiotic Susceptibilities Of Anaerobic Bacteria Isolated From Patients With Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to isolate anaerobic bacteria from the patients who were consulted in Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, because of periodontal problems, and were diagnosed as chronic periodontitis; and to search susceptibilities and beta-lactamase activities of the isolates. Methods: For this purpose, 34 anaerobic bacteria isolated from 45 patients with chronic periodontitis were studied. For identification, conventional identification tests as well as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (VITEK (R) MS v3.0, bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and API 20A (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) systems were used. In vitro susceptibilities of isolates against ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, moxifloxacin, clindamycin, metronidazole and tigecycline were detected by gradient method (Etest (R), bioMerieux, Marcy I'Etoile, France). Additionally, beta-lactamase activity was tested with chromogenic cephalosporine (BBL (TM) Cefinase (TM), Becton Dickinson, Sparks, MD, USA) method for all isolates. Results: Of 34 isolates, 21 were Gram-negative bacilli (11 Pre-votella sp., 6 Porphyromonas spp., 3 Fusobacterium spp., 1 Capnocytophaga sp.), 7 were Gram-negative cocci (Veillonella parvula) and 5 were Gram-positive non-spore forming bacilli (4 Propionibacterium spp., 1 Bifidobacterium sp.), 1 isolate (Gram-negative cocobacillus) could not be identified. Thirty-three isolates were susceptible to imipenem, moxifloxacin and tigecycline. The highest resistance was observed to ampicillin and metronidazole. Ampicillin resistance was common particularly in Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria which two isolates were found beta-lactamase positive. Conclusions: Although a limited number of the isolates was included in this study, its results are important in terms of providing information about antibiotic susceptibility patterns of oral anaerobic bacteria in our center. Because of differences in susceptibility profiles of anaerobes among medical centers, detecting resistance patterns in each center may be guiding empirical treatment of anaerobic infections.