Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Farabi Hastanesi'ne Başvuran 0-24 Ay Arası Bebeği Olan Annelerin Emzirme ve Bebek Beslenmesi Konusundaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ile Uygulamalarının Belirlenmesi
Özet
Breastfeeding and infant nutrition knowledge and practices of mothers varies
by socio-economic status, educational level and settlement. The present
study was held to determine the breastfeeding and infant nutrition knowledge
levels and practices of lactating women (0-24 months postpartum) and to
develop recommendations according to differences. A total of 250 mothers
(0-24 months postpartum) and their babies (boy: 53.2%, girl: 46.8%) who
admitted to KTU Faculty of Medicine, Farabi Hospital were recruited to the
study. General characteristics of the mothers and their knowledge on infant
nutrition were determined. Anthropometric measurements of babies at birth
were determined from the mothers and records of the hospital. Current body
weight, length, head and mid-upper arm circumferences were measured,
body mass index was calculated and measurements were evaluated using
WHO 2006 and 2007 growth standards. For the evaluation of dietary intake
of lactating mothers (n=130) and babies over 6 months (n=210), 24 hour food
recalls and food frequencies were taken retrospectively. Daily intake of
carbohydrates and percentage of energy from carbohydrates were found
statistically significant within income groups (p<0.05). Although the energy
intake of the mothers were found different within age groups, education and
income levels and settlements, the differences were not found statistically
significant (p>0.05). Out of total, 94.0% of the babies were given colostrum
86.4% were breastfed within 12 hours after delivery and 82.4% were
breastfed whenever the baby cries. Percentage of exclusively breastfeeding
was 46.8%. Infant formula was given frequently as complementary feeding
(66.1%). Mean birth weights of boys and girls were 3285.6 and 3275.3 g,
respectively. Body weights of the babies, in 0-3, 4-6 and 6 months and over
age groups were 3412.7 319.2, 6300.0 245.9, 9691.9 168.1 g for nonworking
women babies and 4300.0 611.0, 6591.7 400.2, 10101.7 178.3 g
for working women babies. The difference between mother groups was found
statistically significant (p<0.05). Current lengths of babies, according to age
groups, of the working mothers (52.7 1.2, 62.5 2.0, 75.4 0.8 cm,
respectively) were significantly different from nonworking mothers
(53.70 2.5, 60.1 1.2, 73.3 0.7 cm) (p<0.05). Out of total, 19.2% of the
children was stunted (length for age <3. per.). Body mass index for age was
evaluated and 4.4% of babies was found as very wasted (<3. per.), 10.4% as
wasted ( 3-<15. per), 28.4% as overweight ( 85-<97. per) and 15.6% as
obese ( 97. per). It could be concluded that, variations were found in
mothers knowledge and practices on infant nutrition. Nutrition education of
the mothers should be continued and their awareness should be increased.
