Sternotomi Uygulanan Hastalarda Sternal Yara Enfeksiyonunun Önlenmesinde Ameliyat Öncesi Farklı Cilt Hazırlık Yöntemlerinin Etkisi.

Abstract

This research was conducted as a quasi-experimental study to evaluate impacts of different preoperative skin preparation methods on prevention of sternal wound infection in patients undergoing sternotomy. The study was performed in February-December 2016 at Akdeniz University Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic. Population of the study consists of male patients undergoing sternotomy, and its sample was composed of 34 patients in control group, 31 patients in experiment-1 group and 31 patients in experiment-2 group, thus 96 patients in total. One day before the surgery, patients in control group bathed with conventional soap/shampoo after being shaved with a razor, which is a routine method of skin preparation applied by the clinic; patients in experiment-1 group bathed with daphne soap containing olive oil after cleaning the hair with an electric razor; patients in experiment-2 group bathed with chlorhexidine solution again after being cleaned with an electric razor. Evaluation of sternal wound infection was done on 4th, 15th, 30th and 90th days following the surgery, using inspection form for sternum area. On the 4th day swab samples were taken from all patients. The data was evaluated as numbers, percentages, averages and standard deviation with q-square and one-way ANOVA. No significant difference was identified among groups in terms of certain conditions in diagnostic, clinical and surgical processes (p>0,05). Sternal wound infections occurred in 10,4% of all patients and these patients produced coagulase negative staphylococcus at the rate of 45,4%. Although no significant difference was identified among groups, it was concluded after the study that to avoid skin wounds during preoperative skin preparations and to prevent any risk of infection, application of hair cleaning with an electric lazor and a shower/bath with daphne soap containing olive oil, as an economical and accessible choice, could be recommended before the surgery.