Periodontitisli Bireylerde Cerrahi Olmayan Periodontal Tedaviye Ek Olarak Sistemik Resveratrol Kullanımının Klinik Periodontal Parametreler ve Salya Antioksidan ve İltihabi Biyobelirteçler Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Periodontitis is a multifactorial, complex, chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Mild to moderate periodontitis is best treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy and effective personal care. Various host modulators have been suggested to regulate the inflammatory host response that plays a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and to improve treatment outcomes. Resveratrol, a potential host modulator, has become a current issue for adjunctive use in periodontal treatment due to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and osteogenic effects. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic resveratrol supplementation in addition to non-surgical periodontal treatment both clinically and biochemically. Thirty participants, including 21 females and 9 males, were included in our study. After supragingival scaling and oral hygiene instructions the participants were randomly assigned to two groups: Resveratrol Group (RSV) (Resveratrol in conjunction with non-surgical periodontal treatment, n=15) and the Control Group (C) ( non-surgical periodontal treatment alone, n=15) At baseline, and at the post-treatment first and third months, periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding time index (GBTI), plaque index (PI) values, and three-day dietary records were noted for all individuals. Saliva samples were collected, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and sIgA in the saliva samples were measured using the ELISA method. Additionally, the total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) was assessed using an appropriate colorimetric test kit. According to the results of the study, at the end of the 3-month follow-up period, significant reductions in clinical parameters, including PPD, GI, and GBTI were observed in both groups compared to the baseline (p<0.05). However, CAL and PI values showed a significant decrease only in the RSV group (p<0.05). In the RSV group; It was determined that the mean values of CAL decreased from 2.12 ± 1.21 mm to 1.81 ± 0.75 mm, and the mean values of PI decreased from 1.53 ± 0.61 to 0.76 ± 0.44. No significant difference was observed over time in the changes of salivary TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, sIgA, and TAOC values between the RSV and C groups (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups in clinical parameter values (PPD, CAL, GI, GBTI, PI) and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TAOC values at any time period (p>0.05). It was determined that sIgA levels in the first month measurements were significantly higher in the RSV group compared to the C group (231,08 (165,19 – 314,26) µg/ml vs. 113,20 (92,94 – 197,23) µg/ml; p<0,05). The results of our study suggest that; resveratrol may be beneficial for clinical healing after periodontal treatment, and protection against the disease, because of it's affirmative effects on clinical attachment levels and periodontal probing depths and also on the sIga levels in saliva, which is one of the important protective components of saliva.