ANKARA MAMAK’TA İLKOKUL ÖĞRETMENLERİNDE PANDEMİDE, SAĞLIK İNANÇ MODELİNE DAYALI MASKE KULLANMA UYUM ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞİTİRİLMESİ VE SAĞLIK OKURYAZARLIĞI İLE İLİŞKİSİ

Abstract

Oguz B, In Pandemic, Primary Education Teachers in Ankara Mamak, the Development of the Mask Use Compliance Scale Based on the Health Belief Model and the Relationship with Health Literacy. Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Public Health Specialty Thesis, Ankara, Mamak 2022. In this research, on primary school teachers working in Mamak District of Ankara; evaluating the validity and reliability of the scale " Adaptation to using a mask developed based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) ", ıt was aimed to determine the compliance with using masks according to the HBM, the factors affecting it, and to determine the relationship between the level of health literacy and the use of masks according to the HBM during the COVID-19 period. The section in which the validity-reliability of the scale generated according to the HBM is examined in the study is a methodological research feature, while other parts are descriptive. The “Mask Use Compliance Scale” used in the research, by the researcher, the HBM’s “perceived susceptibility”, “perceived severity”, “perceived benefits, “perceived barriers”, “self-sufficiency” and “cue to action” have been created in accordance with the subtitles. In the study, 376 people were reached, the Cronbach alpha value of the HBM scale, which was developed as 24 items, was 0.80, and the Cronbach's alpha values of the sub-dimensions ranged from 0.62 to 0.97. It was observed that the six-factor structure of the scale ranged from “acceptable agreement” to “very good agreement” with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. A general HBM score can be calculated from the scale consisting of six sub-dimensions. A high score from the HBM indicates good compliance with the use of masks. The scores of the teachers on the HBM and Health Literacy scales are at a good level. As the level of health literacy and self-efficacy increases, compliance with the use of masks increases. Those who do not have chronic diseases and those who have not been vaccinated against COVID-19 have a significantly higher compliance with the use of masks. Perceptions of men's barriers to using masks, perceptions of the seriousness of the disease and self-efficacy in using masks of health workers in the family, the perceived benefits of masks are significantly higher for those who have not had a disease and/or a relative who have not been vaccinated. This scale, developed in accordance with the HBM, has been found to be used in the COVID-19 period in primary school teachers to investigate compliance with mask use. In line with the results of this research, suggestions were made for the research group and future researchers.

Keywords: Health Belief Model, Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, COVID-19, Mask Use