11. Yüzyılda Kadına, Divânu Lugâti’t - Türk ve Kutadgu Bilig Üzerinden Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış

Abstract

The Turks, whose lives began to differ with the acceptance of Islam, have been included in a new culture and civilization environment, while maintaining many of their old traditions and customs. Compendiously, the Turks' acceptance of Islam; social, political and cultural changes have resulted in the rapid change process. Karakhanids (11th-12th century), that the first Turkish-Islamic state in Central Asia, can be considered the beginning phase of the newly formed Turkish-Islamic Civilization. It is possible to follow the traces of the transition period regarding the formation of the new civilization circle in the works written in this period. Therefore, the social, administrative and economic life of Turkish women is the main subject of this study through the works named Kutadgu Bilig and Divânu Lugâti’t- Türk, which were written in the same period. The socio-cultural change of Turkish women with the ingression to Islamic Civilization has been followed through two works that provide a rich comparison in terms of determining the social status of Turkish women in the 11th century. The words, word groups, reduplications, idioms and proverbs that concern women through the works called Divânu Lugâti’t- Türk and Kutadgu Bilig have been examined and classified according to the subject by text analysis method. By using qualitative research and literature review methods, researches and publications made in our country and abroad on the subject were also benefited from. In consequence of the study, it has been proven that the place of women in social life is limited in works containing religious and political subjects, and on the contrary, they see them as the main part of social life in works on language and folklore. However, in two works written in the same period, the living space of women in individual and social life was understood, the values that society imposed on women were explained, and the effect of the change in culture on women was determined. Based on the society's approach to women in the period when the works were written, the determination of the point of Turkish culture within the framework of civilizations, as well as the personality of Kaşgarlı Mahmud and Yusuf Has Hacib, and the foundations of their views on Turkish society were revealed. Thanks to the cultural elements of the woman obtained, it was understood how much Turkish culture was affected by Arab and Iranian cultures.