Müfredat-I Tıbbı̇ye (1290/Hı̇crı̇) Adlı Yazma Eserde Geçen Bazı Bı̇tkı̇Lerı̇n Tıp Tarı̇hı̇ Açısından Değerlendı̇rilmesı̇

Abstract

The work titled “Müfredat-ı Tıbbiye” consists of lecturers written by Veterinarian İsmail Hilmi Bey. The only known copy is in the Koyunoğlu Museum. The date of writing is specified as 1290 Arabi by İsmail Hilmi Bey's handwriting. These years are a process in which the efforts of modernization in the late Ottoman period were experienced intensely. It was observed that the Müfredat-ı Tıbbiye includes informations on scientific progress in Europe in the 19th century. Thus, the 19th century health and medical education policies of the Ottoman Empire and Europe could be analyzed and compared. Müfredat-ı Tıbbiye classifies the medicates according to their mechanism of action and the highest proportion of medicates was seen to be plants. Plants were evaluated as an important guide in determining the place of the work in the history of medicine. Based on plants, World Health Organization Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, Materia Medica, Kitâb-ül-Câmî Fi Edviyet-il-Müfrede, Pharmacopée Française, Pharmacopee Militaire Ottomane, Müfredat-ı Tıb and İlm-i Tedavi which have important places in the history of medicine, have been compared with the Müfredat-ı Tıbbiye. A history of about 2000 years of medicine has been studied in terms of common medicinal plants in these works, and paradigm changes in health in this long period can also be observed. Thanks to the Müfredat-ı Tıbbiye which was translated from Ottoman Turkish to Latin letters; the history of pharmacy, veterinary medicine and human medicine which are indispensable parts of the history of medicine, could be examined in a holistic way. Müfredat-ı Tıbbiye also provides a holistic medical perspective by revealing a long medical history and is making valuable contributions to one health discussions.