Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Düzeyine Göre Sağlık İnanç Modeline Dayalı Verilen Eğitim ve Danışmanlığın Glisemik Kontrole Etkisi

Abstract

This pre-post-test randomized controlled (parallel group) experimental design study aimed to determine the effect of education based on health belief model and health literacy level of patients with type 2 diabetes on disease management. Study was carried out in Isparta Davraz Family Health Centre between June 17, 2019 and March 02, 2020. Sample consisted of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes, selected by simple randomization method, including 60 patients for the intervention group and 60 patients for the control group. Patients in intervention and control were also sub-grouped according to their health literacy level. The intervention group was given training based on the health belief model with groups of 10-12-13 people every week for 6 weeks in the Family Health Center, followed by telephone counseling in the following 6 weeks and follow-up for 12 weeks. Patients in the control group were assessed at the first interview and the last interview, received routine health care, and no intervention was performed during the research. “Patient Data Form”, “Health Literacy Scale Among Diabetes Patients”, “Health Belief Model Scale in Diabetes Patients” and “Type 2 Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale” used for data collection. Data were collected both on the first day of the study and in the 24th week. As a result of the study, significant increase was found health belief and self-efficacy levels of the patients in the intervention group, and a decrease in HbA1c. Health belief and self-efficacy levels increased significantly, and HbA1c levels decreased after the intervention of individuals with high and low health literacy. According to these results, education and counseling for individuals with type 2 diabetes based on health belief model based on the level of health literacy can be used in managing disease perception and glycemic control.