Kliniğimizde Ultraviyole Işığı Filtreleyen ile Ultraviyole ve Mavi Işığı Birlikte Filtreleyen Göz İçi Mercek Yerleştirilen Hastaların Sonuçlarının Optik Koherens Tomografi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Cataract is the clouding of the natural intraocular lens of the eye that focuses light entering the eye onto the retina. This cloudiness can cause a decrease in vision and if left untreated, can eventually lead to blindness. Cataracts generally develop slowly and painlessly, thus affecting a person's vision and lifestyle without their awareness. Worldwide, cataracts are the leading cause of preventable blindness. There is no medical treatment to prevent or stop the progression of cataracts. Modern cataract surgery, which involves removing the cloudy lens and implanting a clear intraocular lens (IOL), is the only definitive treatment for cataracts. Cataract surgery is the most effective and widespread procedure performed in medicine. The lens blocks most ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 300-400 nm, while shorter wavelengths are blocked by the cornea. However, when the lens is removed during cataract surgery, the eye becomes more susceptible to damage. Nowadays, intraocular lenses are designed to filter UV light. Yellow chromophore IOLs are designed to filter blue light as well. The aim of the study is to evaluate patients who have undergone cataract surgery previously with IOLs have two different filters using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and compare the findings. In the study, OCT (Heidelberg Spectralis) and biometry (ZEISS IOLMaster 700) examinations were performed for each eye and compared within between the two groups. Central macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, ganglion cell layer thickness and inner plexiform layer thickness were automatically measured using the OCT device's software. Axial length and central corneal thickness were obtained using the biometry iv

device. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and ellipsoid zone reflectivity, as well as choroidal vascularity index, were calculated using the ImageJ program. A total of 76 eyes with UV + Blue light-filtering IOLs and 51 eyes with only UV light-filtering IOLs, all of which had undergone cataract surgery, were included and compared in the study. There was no statistically significant loss in retinal thickness over time in both IOL groups. No significant difference was found in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness within and between the two groups. Postoperaive best-corrected visual acuities were similar in both groups. Intraocular pressures were within normal limits on follow-up measurements and did not differ significantly between the two groups. RPE and ellipsoid zone changes were not observed in either group during follow-up examinations. RPE and ellipsoid zone reflectivities were found to be similar during follow-up compared to the preoperative values. There were no significant changes observed in the choroidal vascularity index. In conclusion, when comparing the effects of intraocular lenses with blue light filtering to those with only UV light filtering placed in healthy eyes, it was observed that their effects on OCT findings were similar.