Alüminyum Adjuvanlı Aşılarda Folatın İmmünolojik Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Aluminum adjuvanted vaccines (AAV) are one of the most extensive product groups, among others. Activated macrophages are the main cell population in the injection site. They interact with the aluminum adjuvant for the most extended time and at the highest intensity. Thereby, macrophages may contribute to the development of adaptive immune responses through proinflammatory cytokine production, improved co-stimulation, and antigen presentation to T cells. Enhanced folate receptor-2 mediated folate uptake is one of the explicit features of activated macrophages. In this thesis study, the J774.A1 monocyte/macrophage cell line was exposed to the model AAV product at increasing concentrations, alone or with stimulation, at low or high folate levels. Thus, the effects of folate on viability, folate receptor-2 expression, morphology, surface marker, and proinflammatory gene expressions, functional responses were evaluated. AAV content generally supported stimulation-induced macrophage responses. On the other hand, folate showed a supportive effect in the absence of stimulation and a reducing effect with activation. It has been revealed that macrophage activation under the modulatory effects of the folate pathway can change the AAV responses. This way, new pieces of information that may contribute to the AAV effectiveness were obtained.