Balkanlar'da Melâmîlik ve Osmanlı Yönetimi (XVI.-XVII. Yüzyıllar)

Abstract

Melâmî movement is one of the most problematic issues of Ottoman mystical history. Bayramî-Melâmî order was established by Hacı Bayram-ı Velî at the second half of 15th century. Dede Ömer, successor of him developed Malâmatiyya perception with the sense of wahdat al-wujûd meaning “unity of being” under the effect of Hurûfîsm and brought the movement into an active position against Ottoman state and social order. One of its doctrines, kutb-Mehdî concept leaded Melâmîs not to recognize any authority including Ottoman government beyond itself. Therefore the relations between Bayramî- Melâmîs and Ottoman administration entered into a new turning point. Especially from 16th century Bayramî-Melâmîs were regarded as a potential danger against existing order and followed by political authority. Execution of pioneering sheiks of it as İsmal-i Ma’şûkî, Hamza Bâlî and Beşir Ağa caused the movement to go underground and move to the Balkans. In this study, several problems of Bayramî-Melâmîs particularly in the Balkans originating from their relations with political authority beginning from 16th until the end of 17th century will be handled within the historical perspective.