Yüksek Yoğunluklu Polietilen-Hidroksiapatit (Yype-Ha) Nanokompozit Sistemlerinin Hazırlanması Ve Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

For centuries, importance has been given to the development of implant materials so that people can live a better life. Metal, ceramic, polymer and composite materials are widely used as implant materials. The use of polymers is often preferred due to some important advantages. Some of these advantages of polymers are useful, processable and variety of materials and etc.. Despite these advantages of polymers, there is a need to develop such materials in order to be compatible with the nature of the implant material. For this reason, it is important to prepare composite mixtures containing polymer as an organic part and hydroxyapatite as an inorganic part. Hydroxyapatite has significant advantages, that is in the basic composition of the bone and also ensures environmental compatibility in bone growth due to the surface porosity. The compatibilizers are used to improve the compatibility of composite materials with the composite interface. Moreover, the use of nano additives is more effective in improving the mechanical properties of polymers, because it provides a wider surface area and better distribution than other additives. In order for these materials to be physically compatible, it is necessary to improve their mechanical and structural properties. The structure of materials are also aimed to have similar porosity and structural characteristics with the environment in which the material is. It is also required to have similar porosity and structural characteristics to the environment in which the material is located. However, the toxic waste that form on the body causes serious problems due to wear of the implant material. The side effects of these wastes should be controlled. For this reason, the development of new implant materials that are mechanically durable, biocompatible, environmentally similar to the material and harmless is of great importance. In this thesis study, the chemical structure and melt flow values of commercially implants in jaw and skull surgeons were examined and then it was decided to study with high density polyethylene. Hydroxypatite and high density polyethylene were mixed in different formulations and the prepared mixtures were characterized by chemical and mechanical methods to prepare composite material. In order to increase the compatibility and mechanical strength of the mixture, high density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride-hydroxyapatite composite systems were prepared. It is aimed to increase both the mechanical strength and the compatibility between the organic-inorganic composite systems by adding poly (hedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) to high density polyethylene and hydroxyapatite composite systems. At the end of the experimental studies, it was found that the mechanical properties of the composite systems prepared using high density polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride-hydroxyapatite are close to those of commercial implants. The body compatibility of these prepared materials was examined by cytotoxicity tests. As a result, it was determined that the toxic effects of high density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride composites by adding micro and nanosize hydroxyapatite have not been observed. It has been concluded that these prepared composite systems are potentially useful materials in bone tissue engineering for the future.