Tip 2 Diabetes Mellituslu Bireylerde Kan Akımı Kısıtlamalı Aerobik Egzersizin Kardiyorespiratuar Uygunluk ve Kan Glukozu Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

The importance of skeletal muscle in peripheral glucose uptake necessitates the application of exercises that increase skeletal muscle mass (such as resistance exercises) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM).However, in this physically fragile patient group, applying resistance exercise to increase muscle mass may not be possible for every patient, as it would increase mechanical stress. This randomized controlled study investigated the effectiveness of blood flow restriction aerobic exercise, which simultaneously provides the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise, in individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Individuals with Type 2 DM (n=28) were divided into two groups: blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) and aerobic exercise group (AEG). The BFRE group trained with BFRE at 45% of heart rate reserve (HRR) on a bicycle ergometer for 8 weeks, while the AEG group performed aerobic exercise on a bicycle ergometer at 70-85% of HRR for 8 weeks. Before the training program and at the end of 8 weeks, the individuals' fasting plasma glucose, lipid values, body composition, muscle strength, maximal workload during exercise test, maximal oxygen consumption and muscle oxygenation values during exercise test, and quality of life were examined. Blood glucose decreased significantly within the BFRE group (p<0.05) while it did not change in the AEG group. Triglyceride and VLDL levels decreased significantly in the AEG group. Body mass index and fat mass decreased significantly in both groups, while fat percentage decreased only in the BFRE group (p<0.05). Maximal workload during the exercise test increased statistically in both groups (p<0.05), oxygen consumption per kilogram did not change (p>0.05). Resting heart rate decreased in both groups, while resting blood pressure decreased only in the BFRE group (p<0.05). Muscle oxygenation during recovery increased in both BFRE and AEG groups (p<0.05). Blood flow restriction exercise combined with low-intensity aerobic exercise training had a more positive effect on blood glucose and body composition than moderate-intensity aerobic exercise of the same duration, while it had a similar effect to aerobic exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, muscle oxygenation, and quality of life. In light of these findings, it can be said that blood flow restriction exercise is an advantageous method for improving the glycemic profile and exercise capacity in individuals with Type 2 diabetes.