Toz Tutma Amacıyla Triboelekrostatik Kullanımı
Özet
In this thesis, the design of a triboelectric power sourced dust collection for capturing micronized sized particulate matter and the effects of the parameters of this device on dust retention performance were examined.
The suspension of very fine particulate matter in the air is a very important problem experienced in many industrial-scale facilities. The fine dust released is one of the important environmental problems as well as causing serious long-term health problems. Special filtering systems are used to separate this dust from the air. The most commonly used system is electrostatic filters, which enable the electrostatic capture of dust in the air. Electrostatic dust collector filters work on the principle that as a result of the electrodes in their structure being charged with static electricity, the particulate matter in the air passing between these charged plates clings to the plates with electrical attraction forces. The power supplies of electrostatic filters are supplied from a high voltage source. Large and powerful transformers that convert alternating current into direct current are used to charge the electrodes.
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The power consumption of these transformers is quite high, and the need for a cooling system to reduce the heat generated during operation and creating a dangerous working environment are among the disadvantages of dust collection units using high voltage transformers. Within the scope of this thesis, the aim is to design a dust collector electrostatic filter, which is thought to be safer and cheaper, in which the high static charge is produced by friction, instead of a system in which large transformers that produce high voltage static electric charge are used with a special power supply in dust collection units using high voltage. Since the power produced by friction is more reliable and stable, the usability of electrostatic filters as a performance-enhancing and lower-cost alternative has been investigated in detail.
The main goal and unique value of this thesis is the production of static electricity as a result of friction of the high potential required by the dust collection unit and the capture of dust from the air by the plates by charging the plates with the static charge produced. A special dust collection unit was designed and a mechanism was established in the laboratory. An experimental process was carried out on the dust collection performance of this device. The biggest difference of the dust collection system from existing dust collection units is that its power is produced by friction.
This mechanism, established at Hacettepe University Mining Engineering Department, can produce positive or negative charge and the magnitude of the generated charge can reach 80 kV. This dust collection method was carried out in a dry environment and there was no need to use any chemicals.
In this study, the materials used to produce static electricity by friction were selected from the triboelectric series. Teflon roll / wool tape combination, in which the highest voltage value was obtained, was used in dust retention experiments. The load generated by friction was loaded with conductive cables onto a fixed electrode group similar to those used in existing dust collection units, and the dust holding power of these electrodes was examined. The storability of static electricity in salt water solution was also investigated in order to reach higher static load values.
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The samples used in the experimental process carried out within the scope of this thesis were prepared by grinding different materials in the laboratory. The dust retention performance of the installed system was examined with these prepared samples. A wide range of materials, from metallic ores to industrial raw materials, were used in the prepared samples.
