1930 Yılı Yargıtay 1. Hukuk Dairesi Kararları Işığında Türkiye’nin Sosyal ve Ekonomik Durumu

Abstract

This dissertation examines the legal dimension of the radical transformation that took place with the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, particularly through the decisions of the 1st Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation in 1930. The main aim of the study is to develop a socio-economic and social perspective on the traces of the transition from Sharia to the modern legal system within the framework of the decisions of the Court of Cassation in 1930 and to draw conclusions on this issue. In the early Republican period, the decisions of the 1st Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation played an important role in issues that directly affected the daily lives of individuals. These decisions were not only legal texts but also mirrors reflecting the judgments, expectations and social structure of the society at the time. In this study, the decisions of the 1st Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation are evaluated from the perspective of both legal history and sociology, and answers are sought to the questions of how law adapts to social change and how it shapes social change. In this context, the decisions are analyzed in different fields such as inheritance law, law of obligations, etc. and the socio-economic and social consequences of the transformation in these fields are emphasized. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the transition from sharia to republic, an important turning point in Turkey's legal history, by looking at the decisions of the Court of Cassation. It also offers a new perspective on how judicial decisions affect social change in the field of sociology of law. In the light of the 1930 Decisions of the 1st Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation, it is aimed to bring a different perspective to the literature and to contribute to the researches to be conducted after us by giving a small idea.