Vücut Ağırlığını Azaltmaya Yönelik Uzaktan Beslenme Tedavisine Uyumun Farklı Besin Tüketim Günlüğü Yöntemleri İle Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of recording their food consumption and physical activities in a paper diary and mobile application on the online diet therapy, to reduce body weight in overweight and obese adults, and to compare the usability of the paper diary and the mobile application. A total of 39 individuals aged 19-65 years with BMI of between 25,0 and 39,9 kg/m2 participated in the study (nM=8, nW=31). Individuals were evaluated 4 times in total. In the first assessment (Week 0), a questionnaire was applied to the individuals and they were asked to adapt to appropiately tailored diet for a week without keeping a record. In the second assessment (Week 1), two-day food consumption records were taken by the researcher. For three weeks, randomly, some individuals were asked to record their food consumption and physical activity records using a paper diary and some individuals using a mobile application. In the third assessment (Week 4), individuals using a paper diary were asked to use a mobile application, and individuals using a mobile application were asked to use a paper diary. In the fourth assessment (Week 7), the feasibility of using a paper diary and mobile application was evaluated. In addition, in order to evaluate the anthropometric measurements of the individuals, online training was given to the individuals in the first assessment and the individuals took their anthropometric measurements in each assessment. At the end of the study, no significant difference was found in the changes in weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio measurements when individuals used paper diary and mobile applications. A significant difference was found only in the intake of vitamin A (p=0,040), riboflavin (p=0,042), vitamin B12 (p=0,037) and sodium (p=0,001) from energy and nutrients. In addition, a significant difference was found between the activity frequency (p=0,003) and duration (p=0,001) of the individuals during these periods. It was observed that the adherence of individuals to online dietary treatment to reduce body weight was higher when they used mobile applications compared to paper diary. A correlation was observed between energy and nutrient intakes, physical activity frequency and duration, weight and BMI changes during the period when individuals used paper diaries and mobile applications. Individuals mostly evaluated the use of mobile applications as easy (79,5%), not time-consuming (64,1%), accessible (61,5%), and helping to adapt to the diet (66,6%). As a result, mobile applications can be an alternative to a paper diary to adopt the diet. However, more comprehensive studies are needed to confirm the effects of paper diary and mobile applications on diet adherence and physical activity status.