Uluslararası Ticarette Tarife Dışı Engeller ve Kullanım Kısıtları: Türkiye Örneği

Abstract

Customs duties are the traditional tools used with the purpose of protectionism in international trade. On the other hand, in the course of time, there has been an increase and diversification on protectionist trade measures other than customs duties. This study has been undertaken to find out if non-tariff measures do ensure a protectionist impact as strong as or more than tariffs, in other words, if they can actually be used as a trade policy tool. A gravity model has been defined with that purpose, based on a panel data set covering the 1996-2013 period and 240 trade partner countries of Turkey in selected sectors and product groups where non-tariff measures are used. The model s estimation results derived through PPML method, contrary to what was expected, indicated that the impact of non-tariff measures on imports is not as much as tariffs and variables like distance, common history and language, or boundaries.