Çocuk Yuvalarından Çocuk Evlerine Geçişte Çocukların Psiko-Sosyal Gereksinimleri

Abstract

This research is about the psychosocial needs of children coming from the Turhal Nursery School (new name Turhal Cumhuriyet Child Houses Estate Directorate) and are under protection and care in the Directorate of Child Houses Coordination Center of Tokat Family, Labor and Social Services. It was made to reveal. The research has a descriptive structure with a quantitative pattern and a general screening model. The research, was carried out with a total of 82 children who benefited from the services of the institution. The data were collected by interview form prepared by the researcher. According to the findings, children receiving service from Tokat Child Houses are in the 6-18 age group and the proportion of girls is higher than that of boys. Considering the family situation of the children, more than half of the parents are separated. Regarding the studies carried out during the transition to the children's home, the vast majority of the children stated that they did not have information about the change of establishment and their ideas were not received, but the rate of children who were happy because they went to the children's home is high. The number of children who stated that the transition to the Children's Houses was planned correctly and that sufficient time was allocated for this was very low. The low rate of this ratio makes it difficult for the children who switch to a new service model to adapt to the children's homes and causes this process to take place before some requirements are met. The unmet needs of children also increase their level of anxiety and affect their development negatively. It has been stated that the separation of the children from the items they connect during the change of the institution makes it difficult for them to adopt the environment they live in as their own home. Children want their families to be informed during the transition. Leaving their old institution, friends, staff responsible for their care and schools causes children to be negatively affected. After thse children came to the children's homes, they stated that most of their needs were met. They stated that friendship and social relations are good in children's homes. They stated that they mostly get help from the caregivers in the second place from the care staff. In evaluating the service models, most of the children stated that the child houses service model is better and they would prefer to stay in the child houses. According to findings obtained in the research it was understood that children have positive meanings regarding their home, they are more closely intertwined with the society when compared with the boarding care model (nursery-dormitory), they are more compatible with the society, they feel happy in the children's home, they acted pursuant to social norms. Accordingly, the child is under the influence of different systems within these two types of service models that affect him in his life. The child's development depends on the nature of the experiences in these systems. The consistency of the effect between the systems is important for the healthy development of the child. Starting from the process of protection and care of the child, considering the best interests of the child, applying the service model aiming firstly to stay with the family, for children who are not suitable to be supported by the family to be placed in institutions suitable for the age and development and not to be transferred to another institution, except in compulsory situations, are recommended. If the child is to be transferred, the child should be prepared socially and psychologically for this transition period and that the appropriate environment should be created.