Bağımsızlık Sonrası Kazakistan’ın Uluslararası Terörizmle Mücadeledeki Tutumu: Hukuki Bir Bakış

Abstract

Besides terrorism is a serious national problem that we face in the modern world, it has gained a global dimension. Terrorist attacks are increasingly being organized by using modern weapons as to damage the human health and threaten the life. Terrorism is begun to be preferable rather than legal means to resolve social, national, religious and other conflicts. All these has led to a more careful research of the phenomena of “international terrorism” in the scientific field. The reason for the differences of opinion on the concepts of terror and terrorism, which could not be defined on a universal scale up to now, is not technical but political. In the framework of the non-existence of a generally accepted definition in international law, different approaches to the concepts of terror and terrorism are included in our study. Terrorism has become a transnational phenomena that surpasses national borders and gains an international dimension. Due to this fact, the concept of international terrorism has constituted the important part of our study. Global measures to be taken against terrorism are often taken through the United Nations, as it has global and accessible multilateral mechanisms. In addition, the fight against, terrorism is carried out at regional level in cooperation with international organization such as Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Commonwealth of Independent States and Collective Security Treaty Organization. The treaties and documents on the fight against terrorism adopted by the United Nations and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization form the basis of the issue in our study. On the basic of these documents and agreements, the statutes which are in effect for struggling against terrorism in Kazakhstan, such as the Criminal Code, the Law on the Suppression of Terrorism, the Law on the Suppression of Terrorism, the Law on the Suppresion of Extremism, The Prevention of Legalization of the Illegitimate Incomes and the Finansing of Terrorism will be evaluated. Besides, within the framework of the legal basis that emerged during our study, Kazakhstan’s attitude in the struggle against terrorism will be discussed.