Türkiye'deki Paenibacillus Larvae Genotiplerinin Tespit Edilmesi ve Farklı Propolislerin Bu Genotipler Üzerine Antimikrobiyal Etkisi

Abstract

The European honey bee Apis mellifera L. is the most commonly managed useful insect in the world. Products of the honey bee and pollination with honey bees have great share within global economy. According to FAO stats global value of honey production was 679,12 million USD in 2012. Also, fruit or seed set of many plants depend on honey bee pollination. The total number of managed honey bee colonies worldwide was estimated to be 79,9 million in 2012. Decline in colonies all over the world cause serious economic loss. There are several factors affecting the managed honey bee populations like pests, pathogens, pesticides, climate and poor beekeeping techniques.One of the most lethal of these factors is Paenibacillus larvae, the agent of American Foulbrood disease. Paenibacillus larvae is a gram positive and spore forming bacteria that affects honey bee larvae. Due to increase of resistant AFB strains and residue problem in honey, it is restricted to use antibiotics for treatment. Th