Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Beslenme Durumlarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Sağlıklı Yeme Indekslerinin Saptanması

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status, dietary patterns, eating habits and to assess the dietary quality index (DQI-I), dietary diversity score (DDS) and healthy eating index (HEĠ-2005) of Bingöl University students. Study was a cross-sectional and descriptive study. Sample was consisted of a total of 498 (male: 230, 46.2%; female: 298, 53.8%) students, aged 19-35 years from different academic departments. The students‟ general characteristics, nutritional habits, frequency of foods consumed, 24-hour recalls were determined by using a questionnaire, anthropometric measurements were assessed and diet diversity score (DDS), diet quality index international (DQI) and healthy eating index (HEI-2005) were calculated and also relationships with age, housing, parental education, income level etc. were evaluated. Mean age of male and female students were 22.1±2.8 and 21.7±3 years, respectively. Mean body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) was 23.1±2.7 in men and 22.4±3.5 kg/m2 in women. Totally, 86.3% of students had no health problems. DDS and DQI-I scores were not significantly different for males and females, but HEI-2005 score of the females was higher thencompared to men (p<0.05). Significant correlations were found between DDS score and alcohol consumption and DQI-I scores and age, smoking and alcohol consumption in males (p<0.05). DDS score was low in alcohol consuming males and DQI-I score was high in 30-35 age group and also in smoking and non alcohol consuming students (p<0.05). For all students HEI-2005 score of the students was higher in secondary education group compared to first level education; four years students' scores was higher than two years‟ students scores and non-smokers score was higher than smokers scores (p<0.05). DDS scores of the females were higher in married group than single living ones and in two years education level students than license students and living in other areas than living in northern regions (p<0.05). Also the DQI-I scores of the students were higher in women, married and living with families (p<0.05). University students are an important group whose eating habits could be controlled and improved, so that the development of adulthood period diseases could be prevented. Training programmes should be implemented for increasing nutrition awareness and knowledge; programmes and policies should be planned and implemented for university students.