Kistik Fibrozisli Hastalarda Malnütrisyon ve Beslenme Durumunun Saptanması

Abstract

In order to evaluate the nutritional status and malnutrition 166 patients with cystic fibrosis, aged 2-20 years (7.4±4.8), followed up by Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Pulmonology were included. A questionnaire including information about the general information, nutritional habits and a 24 hour dietary recall was administrated. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated. There were 53% boys and 47% girls. According to weight-for-age Z score (WAZ) values, 10.1% of patients were underweight (WAZ <- 2SD), 29.6% of patients were risk of malnutrition (WAZ ≥-2SD <-1SD). When height-for-age Z score values evaluated, it was seen that 21.0% of the patients were stunted (<-2SD) and 33.3% of patients were between ≥-2SD and <-1SD. When feding type evaluated, it was found that 25.3% of the patients were on oral feeding, 74.7% were both oral and enteral feeding. 41% of the patients skipped the morning meal, the most skipped meal for all age groups was morning meal. When patients requirements were calculated as 120% of RDA, the mean covarage percentages for energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat intakes were 67%, 69.5%, 68.2% and 68.9%, respectively. Vitamin A, E and K intakes of 98.1%, 100%, and 82.3% of the patients were insufficient, respectively. When dietary folic acid, niacin and vitamin C intakes evaluated, it was found that 81%, 55.4% and 50.6% of the patients were insufficient. When mineral intakes were also evaluated, it was seen that 66.4% of calcium intake, 44.5% of zinc intake and 13.4% of iron intake were insufficient. In patients with cystic fibrosis, malabsorption, energy imbalance, chronic infections, changes enterohepatic circulation of bile salts, increased metabolic rate, use of antibiotics, gastroesophageal reflux, persistent cough and chronic psychosocial stress caused by anorexia is a high risk of malnutrition due to the situation. Multidisciplinary approach in cystic fibrosis patients with early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and supporting families with deterioration of nutritional status of patients and poor prognosis of the disease can be reduced.