İşitme Kaybı Olan ve Normal İşiten Yetişkinlerde Gürültüde Konuşma Algısı ile Bilişsel Beceriler Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate memory, executive function, and attention skills in adults using hearing aids, and to examine the relationship between these cognitive abilities and speech perception in noise. Additionally, it aims to compare the performances of normally hearing adults through the same assessments. The study sample consists of 50 participants aged 18–50, including 25 hearing aid users and 25 with normal hearing. To assess speech perception in noise, the Matrix Sentence Test was used; for attention, the MOXO Attention Test; and for memory, the Letter-Number Sequencing and the Serial Digit Learning Test (SDLT). Fluid intelligence was measured using Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices Test; executive functions were evaluated via the Istanbul 5-Block Planning Test, Phonemic Fluency (K, A, S), and Semantic Fluency tasks. Data were analyzed using t-tests for group comparisons when normality assumptions were met, and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted for variable relationships. Findings revealed that normal-hearing individuals performed significantly better than hearing aid users in phonemic and semantic fluency, memory tasks, MOXO attention and timing scores, and speech-in-noise comprehension. No significant differences were observed in SDLT or MOXO impulsivity scores. In addition, statistically significant and high-level correlations were found between attention, verbal fluency and fluid intelligence scores and speech perception performance in noisy environments. These findings indicate that hearing loss can significantly affect not only peripheral auditory processes but also cognitive functions.