Daima İkinci Premolar Agenezisi ve Diş Gelişimi Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

In this study, the presence of mandibular second premolar agenesis, associated dental anomalies, and the effects of second premolar agenesis on dental development were retrospectively evaluated in children aged 5–15 years. A total of 14,460 panoramic radiographs, taken between 2012 and 2023 and archived in the digital database of Hacettepe University Faculty of Dentistry, were examined. The study group consisted of 429 individuals who met the inclusion criteria, and the control group included an equal number of individuals (n=429). In the included cases, the presence of dental anomalies, the intraoral condition of the primary second molars in the region associated with agenesis, and the presence of infraocclusion and root resorption were retrospectively assessed. Dental age estimation and assessment of tooth development stages were performed using the Demirjian method. On average, dental age in the study group was delayed by 0.70 years (approximately 8 months) compared to the control group. The prevalence of second premolar agenesis among the evaluated individuals was 4%. When the developmental stages of the permanent teeth adjacent to the second premolar were assessed in the study group, it was found that the second molars were at earlier developmental stages, and this difference between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In females, a statistically significant delay in the development of the right mandibular first premolars was observed (p < 0.05). Taurodontism was found more frequently in the study group (7.3%); however, no statistically significant association was found between the presence of taurodontism and second premolar agenesis (p = 0.447). The presence of primary second molars in the mandibular agenesis region was higher; among these teeth, 72.5% exhibited caries or restorations, 25.8% were healthy, and 25.9% presented with infraocclusion. In individuals with second premolar agenesis, early and detailed radiographic evaluations are of utmost importance for the accurate identification of developmental differences and associated dental anomalies, which is crucial for proper clinical management.