İstanbul Halk Plajlarında Total ve Fekal Koliform Ölçümlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

In this thesis, total and fecal coliform measurements, which were monitored at approximately 80 points during the swimming season between 2009 and 2017 in public beaches in Istanbul, were evaluated. Taking into consideration the main current characteristics of the Marmara Sea and the Bosphorus, the main factors that might cause beach water quality changes such as the capacity change of wastewater discharge and treatment plants, precipitation and population and therefore increase of settlements have been revealed. As a result of the evaluations, it was determined that the changes in coliform level observed in the beaches were not related to precipitation in general and the long term wastewater treatment and discharge systems capacity was more effective in changing the coliform levels. Wastewater treatment system capacity increased up to 2013 parallel to the decrease in coliform levels observed in the beaches, despite the increasing population and construction after 2013, as a result of the lack of new wastewater treatment and discharge systems, increase of coliform levels in the beaches have been observed until 2017. Among the beaches examined, it was found that the most polluted beach in terms of coliforms was located in Bakırköy.