Altınova Akiferinde (Antalya) Yeraltısuyu Kökeninin Çevresel İzleyici ve Hidrokimya Teknikleri ile Araştırılması

Abstract

Antalya Travertine Plateu (ATP) is the largest fresh water travertine deposits of the World. Travertine is the main potable and irrigation water source for Antalya City. Travertine, the major water resource of the region, has been assumed to be recharged by precipitation over the plateau and lateral flow through neighboring limestones. The main objective of this study is to investigate recharge components of travertine aquifer based on groundwater sampling for chemical and environmental isotope analysis from irrigation wells. However, investigation of origin of recharge based on chemical composition and environmental isotopes is a common approach; the success of the approach depends on the detailed characterization of each recharge components (end-member). Because of this, Kırkgöz discharged from Mesozoic limestones and Düdenbaşı which is the highest flow source discharged from the traverten plateau were included to the study for sampling. Groundwater levels were observed, physical-chemical parameters were measured, and groundwater samples were collected at selected points at May and September 2016. Outputs of all observations were evaluated according to objectives of the study. After evaluation of outputs groundwater sampling points separated into three group. First group consists of Mesozoic limestone springs, travertine aquifers samples gathered in 2nd group and 3rd group contains Pliocene aged granular aquifer samples. Samples of variable aquifers diffrentiated by major ion and trace element contents. Lateral recharge contribution from limestones up to 50 % to the travertine aquifer defined by Mg+2 concentrations. Robust and numerical outputs on the origin of groundwater were identified by the stable isotope observations. Lateral recharge contribution from limestones to the travertine aquifer defined as 45 % by 18O contents. This contribution increases during the dry season that the precipitation over the plateau ceased. Validity of those finding on the contribution from variable origins tested by simplified hydrologic budget of all ATP. Based on the hydrologic budget calculations recharge obtained from precipitation and lateral recharge are 211 Mm3 and 176 Mm3, respectively. Those contribution ratios are comparable with calculations based on stable isotopes and Mg+2.