Kıpçak Grubu Türk Dillerinde Olumsuzluk

Abstract

The language is the most effective way of communication and has the ability to reflect every message that users want to convey. This messages may be refusing, denying, negating expressions as well as comfirming expressions. Each language has its own principles and rules therefore the category of negation, which is a universal requirement, may be seen in various forms on every language. Intonation, absence of certain structure, negative particles are only a few of negation methods of languages. On the other hand Turkish provides basic negation through inflection. Basic negation is constituted by suffixing standard negator to verbal root and stem but as in many langugaes nominal sentence, verbal sentence, nouns ve verbs are negated in different forms. In this study, linguistic negation is grouped as Sentential Negation, Morphological Negation and Lexical Negation by considering structure and strategies of Turkish and the level that negation affects; Negation in Kipchak group of Turkish languages has been examined within these categories. Negation that established with standard negator, negation that established without standard negator, negation of aorist, the negative copula, the negative connective ne…ne ‘neither…nor’, multiple negation and negation whereby questioning are included to Sentential Negation. In Morphological Negation, words that negated by Turkish suffix -sXz and Arabic prefix gayr-, Persian prefixes nâ- ve bî- discussed. Inherent Negation and constituent of existential negation are examined in the content of Lexical Negation.