Osmanlı Modernleşmesi Sürecinde Sanayi Mektepleri Bağlamında Ankara Sanayi Mektebi

Abstract

In this study which is about the Ankara Industry School that is involved in the industrial, educational and architectural developments within the Ottoman modernization process, the home has been assessed taking into account the transformations it went through from the Ottoman era to the Republic in terms of its establishment, story, curriculum and the transformation of its architectural properties. In addition to the examination of the structure on site, old photographs and student log book included in the school’s archive, current building survey and the interview made with the oldest accessible student of the school has provided unique and new information to this study. The Ankara Industry School which the date of establishment is not known and which is mentioned for the first time at the city almanacs as a Youth Detention Centre in 1872, is an institution aimed to house poor and unfortunate boys and train them in a field of occupation. The school which was converted into an Industry School in 1876, has trained individuals to be utilized at the various fields included in its program and to meet the demand for skilled personnel in industry. The school, which is among nine schools that have continued to exist in the Republic era by being converted into comprehensive schools, despite having constant changes in its name and curriculum, today continues its occupational training under the name of Ulus Occupational and Technical Anatolian High School. For the school which operated in leased buildings, the foundations of a structure that was built consisting of administration-classroom formation and workshops surrounding the rear inner court, parallel to the Atatürk Boulevard were laid in 1901. The school which was designed to serve the training and accommodation needs of its students with its classrooms, workshops and various service units, reflected the architectural understanding of its period with its architectural plan and façade properties and to a large extent, preserved its unique values unto this day. As a result of this study, it was seen that the properties which the Ankara Industry School possesses reflects the changes which occurred in occupational and technical education from the Ottoman era to this day. Due to uncertainties, discussions were made regarding the architect and the construction process of the structure. Consequently it was revealed that, in 1911 when it was early to produce type plans in our country, Ankara Industry School was a pioneer or example for the plans prepared for Industry Schools. The school which gave its name to the street when it was built, is the only educational structure in the centre of Ulus which has functioned in the same way from the Ottoman Era to the Republic and houses 145 years of education and life know-how.