İntranazal kuersetinin nazal mukozal iyileşmeye etkisinin sağlıklı ve diyabetik sıçan modelleri üzerinde incelenmesi

Abstract

Quercetin is a natural flavonoid demonstrated to be effective in wound healing due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, along with its ability to enhance fibroblast activity, promote collagen synthesis, and induce cellular repair. Conversely, diabetes negatively affects all stages of wound healing. No studies in the literature have investigated the effects of diabetes and quercetin on nasal mucosal healing. A total of 56 male Wistar rats, each weighing 250–300 grams, were included in the study. A diabetic model was established in half of the subjects via intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. A 2.2 mm septal perforation was created in each subject using a 14G cannula needle. Half of each groups received 0.2 cc of 0.9% saline solution intranasally twice daily, while the other half were administered 0.2 cc of 0.3% quercetin solution intranasally twice daily. Half of the groups were sacrificed on the seventh day, and the remaining half on the fourteenth day for analysis. On the seventh and fourteenth days, the defect closure rates in the healthy quercetin group were 85% and 77%, respectively, while the rates in the healthy saline group were 67% and 62%, respectively (p=0.034, p=0.033). On the fourteenth day, the defect closure rate in the healthy saline group was 63%, whereas it was 40% in the diabetic saline group (p=0.0142). Quercetin induced vascularization (p=0.0045, p=0.0238), fibroblast activity (p=0.0178, p=0.0379), and collagen production (p=0.0260, p=0.0225) in both healthy and diabetic rats. In healthy rats, it additionally promoted granulation tissue formation (p=0.0238), epithelial and cartilage regeneration (p=0.0357), and suppressed epithelial degeneration (p=0.0311). Conversely, diabetes suppressed fibroblast activity (p=0.0489) and collagen production (p=0.0114), while inducing epithelial degeneration (p=0.0438). These findings support the efficacy of topical quercetin in nasal mucosal healing and demonstrate the detrimental effects of diabetes on nasal mucosal repair.