Erken Dönem Osmanlı Mimarisi'nde Bedesten

Abstract

The bedesten emerged in the late 14th century as a commercial structure built primarily to serve the fabric trade. Over time, the bedesten evolved beyond being merely a storage space for fabric merchants’ goods, becoming a multifaceted trade center where valuables were safeguarded, prices were set, quality control was conducted, market regulations were enforced, and various auctions were held. In parallel with this development, the bedesten, which were initially limited to the fabric trade, gradually transformed into broader trade area that included the trade of weapons, antiques, precious jewelry, perfumes, and even slaves. This thesis examines the bedesten structures built in early Ottoman cities from a historical perspective. Additionally, the architectural development process and origins of the bedesten have been emphasized, and the historical, cultural, and social factors influencing the formation of these structures have been analyzed. Moreover, the functional characteristics of the bedesten, their daily operations, the personnel employed within these structures, the merchants, and the nature of the goods sold have been examined in detail. It has been emphasized that bedesten were not merely venues for commercial activities but also served as significant centers reflecting the economic, cultural, and social structure of their time. As part of the study, the bedesten in Bursa, Edirne, Tokat, Tire, Skopje, Plovdiv, Gallipoli, Osmancık, and Malkara were examined. The historical background of the bedesten was analyzed based on archival documents, contemporary sources, and written accounts of travelers. The architectural features of the structures were described in detail, and their renovations were investigated. Finally, the impact of the bedesten on urban development, their relationship with trade areas, and their interactions with other structures were explored.