4-6 Yaş Grubu Çocukların Duygu Düzenleme Becerilerini Etkileyen Anne Baba ve Çocuk ile İlgili Faktörlere Yönelik Modelleme Çalışması

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between emotion regulation difficulties of mother and father dyads, their beliefs about their children's emotions, emotion socialization approaches and temperament characteristics of their children and emotion regulation skills of children aged 4-6 years, to test whether these variables have a role in explaining emotion regulation skills of children aged 4-6 years, and to examine whether the child's emotion regulation skills are explained by the interaction of mother and father characteristics. The study group of this research, which was designed in the relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was determined by criterion sampling method. Accordingly, the sample of the study consisted of 552 mother-father dyads including the mothers and fathers of 4-6 year-old children attending public and private preschool education institutions in Çankaya and Etimesgut central districts of Ankara province in 2023. “General Information Form“, ‘Parents’ Beliefs about Children's Emotions Scale”, “Coping with Children's Negative Emotions Scale”, “Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale” (Parent), “Temperament Assessment Battery for Children Parent Form” and “Emotion Regulation Scale” (Child) were used as data collection tools. The research hypotheses were analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis method using SPSS 25 program and the hypotheses regarding the mediation relationship were analyzed with JAMOVI 2.3.28 version Medmod 1.1.0 module. PROCESS v4.2 plug-in was used in the analyses examining the moderating effect. As a result of the study, it was determined that emotion regulation difficulties of mothers and fathers, beliefs about their children's emotions, emotion socialization approaches and temperament characteristics of children predicted emotion regulation skills of 4-6 year-old children at a significant level. It was determined that fathers exhibited punitive reactions, minimizing reactions and negative emotion socialization approaches towards children's negative emotions more than mothers. The mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties of mothers and fathers and emotion socialization approaches were determined in the mediation models related to maternal and paternal reports created to explain children's emotion regulation skills. Finally, the findings of the moderator analysis revealed the moderating effect of the father's positive-negative emotion socialization approach in the relationship between the mother's positive emotion socialization approach and the child's emotion regulation; on the other hand, the moderating effect of the mother's positive emotion socialization approach in the relationship between the father's positive emotion socialization approach and the child's emotion regulation.