Türkiye'de Meydana Gelen Uluslararası Göç Hareketlerinin İncelenmesi: Panel Veri İle Kümeleme Analizi

Abstract

Due to its geographical location, our country continues to exist as one of the most advantageous migration routes for the societies it has lived on and its neighbors throughout history. Turkey, one of the countries with the most intense migration movements, has become the center of a mass and irregular migration movement, especially after 2011, due to the economic and political instabilities of the surrounding countries. The concept of international migration, which is examined under the title of the necessity of individuals from different countries and cultures to live together, is discussed for Turkey in this thesis. The levels of 19 independent variables for the 81 provinces in our country between 2016 and 2022 are obtained from different sources and the impact of these independent variables on the net international migration value recorded at each provincial level is analyzed. In the study, cluster analysis is firstly performed to reveal similar subgroups of provinces for the data recorded as panel data containing cross-section and time series features. Five different clusters are obtained with the cluster analysis applied to the panel data and the characteristics affecting the dependent variable of international net migration for these clusters are revealed with the panel data analysis. In the application section, version 4.0.5 of the open source RStudio software and version 2024.2 of the Tableau program are used. According to the results obtained, the attributes that are thought to affect the dependent variable for each cluster differ from each other. Thus, the variables affecting the nature of international migration for the provinces are divided into more homogeneous subgroups by cluster analysis applied to panel data and the effects of these variables at the provincial level are examined and explained in detail. For this reason, this study contributes to the literature as an important application aiming to reveal the impact levels of international net migration in our country at the regional level.