Maksiller Kesici Dişlerdeki Palatogingival Oluk İnsidansının ve Periodontal Hastalık Gelişimine Etkilerinin Klinik ve Konik Işınlı Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Mikro-Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

The complex etiology of periodontitis, an infectious disease that destroys periodontal tissues, is brought on by both systemic and local mechanisms. The presence of localized microbial attachments on tooth surfaces, incompatible restorations, root trunk length, root concavities, cervical enamel projections, developmental grooves, and enamel pearls are examples of local risk factors. While cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro computed tomography (Micro-Ct) are used to evaluate tooth morphology, CBCT and clinical examination are used to evaluate periodontal tissues. The aim of this study is to analyze the palatogingival groove (PGG) on maxillary incisors and its effect on periodontal status of the teeth by using CBCT, Micro-Ct and also with clinical examination. Comparisons between two independent samples (groups) were made with the Welch t test. Relationships between categorical variables were analyzed with the chi-square test and reported with exact p values. Additionally, the Odds Ratio (OR) risk measure was calculated and interpreted. Categorical data for dependent samples were analyzed with the McNemar test and their significance was evaluated. Morphological characteristics such as depth, length of the groove was recorded on CBCT analysis. A total of 502 CBCTs, 7 extracted teeth and 20 patients were included in the study. PGG prevalence and morphological features such as, depth, length, and location were recorded and their effect on radiological bone loss (RBL) was evaluated. According to CBCT data, PGG was detected in 400 of 1004 teeth (39,8%). There is a statistically significant relationship between the presence of PGO and RBL (p<0.001). The risk of having more than 25% bone loss in those with grooves is 2,67 times that of those without grooves [95% CI: 1,84-3,86]. The risk of bone loss in those with midpalatinal position was found to be 45% [95% CI: 8%-67] lower than in those with groove position closer to interproximal area.