Farklı Sirkadiyen Ritimdeki Bireylerde Egzersiz Kapasitesi, Denge ve Bilişsel Fonksiyonların Yüz Yüze ve Tele-Değerlendirme Yöntemleri ile Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

The circadian rhythm functions as a natural clock mechanism regulating the biological processes of organisms in 24-hour cycles. The aim of the study was to compare the exercise capacity, balance, and cognitive functions of individuals with different circadian rhythms using face-to-face and tele-assessment methods, and to investigate the usability of tele-assessment method. Individuals suitable for participation in the study had their circadian rhythms determined using the Morningness - Eveningness Questionnaire. 62 healthy individuals aged 18-65 without a intermediate chronotype were included. Participants were divided into 2 groups: 27 morning-types and 35 evening-types. Their physical and demographic characteristics were recorded. Physical activity level was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ), and quality of life assessment was done using the Turkish version of the EuroQol (EQ-5D-5L). Participants' cognitive functions were evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), their balance was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and Single Leg Stance Test, and their exercise capacities were evaluated using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Modified Incremental Step Test (MIST) in face-to-face assessment initially, and then within one week, using tele-assessment method. Assessments were conducted at a specific morning time for participants in the morning group and at a specific afternoon time for participants in the evening group. At the end of the study, no significant differences were found in IPAQ, EuroQol, MOCA, single leg balance and TUG, MIST results between both morning and evening groups in face-to-face and tele-assessments (p>0.05). Morning individuals had higher dyspnea perception after Tele-assessment 6MWT compared to evening individuals (p<0.05). In both groups, significant differences were found in 6MWT distance, and 6MWT distance (%) parameters in favor of face-to-face assessment compared to tele-assessment (p˂0.05). Evening individuals had significantly higher leg fatigue perception after MIST tele-assessment compared to 6MWT tele-assessment (p<0.05). Comparing the tests with the circadian rhythm-compatible time period using face-to-face and tele-rehabilitation methods will be guiding for exercise tests to be performed in different patient groups in clinical and home settings. Keywords: Circadian rhythm, balance, cognition, exercise tolerance, physical therapy and rehabilitation.